Most drivers in Minnesota buy liability insurance because it's required by state law. But here's a simple truth that surprises people: liability coverage protects other people from you. It doesn't automatically protect you from other drivers who don't have enough insurance—or any insurance at all. That's what uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage (UM/UIM) is for. If you want the big-picture map of how auto coverages fit together, start here: Auto Insurance Explained (Personal) . This guide stays focused on one question: how UM/UIM works and how to choose it without stress or guesswork. What is uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage (UM/UIM)? Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage (UM/UIM) is auto insurance that pays for your injuries and related losses when the driver who caused the accident either has no insurance (uninsured) or doesn't have enough insurance to cover the full damage they caused (underinsured). It protects your household from a situation you can't control: the coverage decisions of the person who hit you. In Minnesota, UM/UIM coverage is required by law, and minimum limits are set by statute—but required minimums and adequate protection are not the same thing. What's the difference between UM and UIM? The two coverages address different gaps. Uninsured Motorist (UM) applies when the at-fault driver has no liability coverage at all—or in some hit-and-run situations, depending on your state and policy. In Minnesota, UM coverage also applies to certain hit-and-run accidents when there is physical contact with the unidentified vehicle. Underinsured Motorist (UIM) applies when the at-fault driver has liability coverage, but their limits are too low to cover the full loss. UIM coverage steps in after the at-fault driver's liability policy is exhausted. A quick example: if you're injured and your damages total $150,000, and the other driver carries only $50,000 per person in liability, their insurer may pay up to $50,000.